SEMESTER I

202001: POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

Teaching Scheme:                  Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 4 hrs/week              Theory : 100 Marks

Practical : 2 hrs/week                 Term work : 50 Marks

Unit I: Fuels and Combustion               (8 hours)                

    Thermodynamic cycle of steam flow; Rankine cycle; Actual Rankine cycle; Reheat cycle; regerative cycle; heat rate.

    Classification of fuels; calorific value and its determination; combustion chemistry; Bomb calorimeter; Boy’s gas calorimeter; combustion equation; stoichiometric air fuel ratio; excess air requirement; actual air fuel ratio; flue gas analysis; pulverized coal firing system; fluidized bed combustion.

Unit II: Power Plant Equipment                    (8 Hours)

        Steam processes, classification of boilers, steam generation control, boiler efficiency, Steam turbine classification, working principle, Rankine cycle, and power out put, steam consumption, efficiency of a turbine, condenser classification, advantages of using condenser, cooling towers; Prospectus and development of thermal and hydroelectric plants in India;

    Classification and working of hydraulic turbines: Pelton Wheel, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine, comparison, governing. Prospectus and development of hydroelectric plants in India;

    Construction and working principle of centrifugal pump, affinity laws, manometric efficiency of a pump, pump selection.

Unit III: Thermal and Hydroelectric Power Plant

                                                (8 Hours)

        General layout of modern thermal power plant, site selection, working of thermal plant, selection of site for hydroelectric power plant, hydrology, mass curve, flow duration curve, hydrograph, unit hydrograph, classification of hydroelectric plants, layout and working, main components of hydroelectric plant, pump storage plant.

UnitIV: Captive Power Plants                       (8 Hours)

        Essential components of diesel electric power plant, advantages and disadvantages of diesel electric power plants, engine components and system used on diesel engine, selection consideration for engine.

        Simple gas turbine power plant, component layout, advantages and disadvantages, closed cycle gas power plant, combined cycle gas power plant, comparison between gas turbine power plant and steam power plant.

    Developments of gas turbine power plants in India.

Unit V: Nuclear Power Plants                     (8 Hours)

        Site selection for nuclear power plant, heat transfer in nuclear reactor, fluid in nuclear reactor, types of reactors-PWR, BWR, gas cooled reactors, liquid metal fast breeders reactors, fusion power reactors.

        Nuclear materials, nuclear waste disposal, nuclear power development program in India.

Unit VI: Non Conventional Power Generation (8 hours)

    Alternative sources of energy, solar energy-terminology, concentrating collectors, photovoltaic conversion, wind mills, tidal power, MHD, cogeneration.

        Economics of power generation by non conventional methods, renewable energy development program of India.

Term Work

        The term work shall consist of a record of any eight of the following:

  1. Study of boiler mounting and accessories.

  2. Study of modern thermal power plant.

  3. Demonstration and study on diesel engine.

  4. Demonstration and study on diesel power plant.

  5. Study of modern hydro electric power plant.

  6. Study visit to any hydro electric power plant.

  7. Demonstration and study of solar photo voltaic system.

  8. Study visit to any thermal/nuclear power plant.

  9. Demonstration and study of any water turbine.

10. Demonstration and study of a centrifugal pump.

 

Reference Books

        1.   Arora and Domkundwar

                A course in Power Plant Engineering

          Dhapat Rai

        2.     S. P. Sukhatme

                Solar Energy

Text Books

        1.     P. K. Nag   

          Power Plant Engineering

                Tata McGraw Hill

        2.     P. C. Sharma

          Power Plant Engineering

For Electrical + SW/Instrumentation Engineering (Sem.I)

For Electronics/E&TC/Computer Engineering & Information Technology (Sem.II)


207003: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS - III

Teaching Scheme:                                                                                     Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 4 hrs./week                                                                                   Paper : 100 marks

                                                                                                                          Duration : 3 hrs.

Section I

Unit I: Linear Differential Equations (LDE)     

                                                (8 hours)

        General nth order LDE. Solution of nth order LDE with constant coefficients. PI by variation of parameters. Cauch’s & Legendre’s DE. Solution of Simultaneous & Symmetric Simultaneous DE. Applications to Electrical circuits.

Unit II: Complex Variables                       (8 hours)

        Functions of complex variable, Analytic functions,
C-R equations, Conformal mapping, Billinear transformation, Residue theorem, Cauchy’s Integral theorem & Cauchy’s Integral formula (without proofs).

Unit III: Transforms                              (10 hours)

        Fourier Transform (FT): Fourier Integral theorem. Sine & Cosine Integrals. Fourier Transform, Fourier Cosine Transform, Fourier Sine Transforms and their inverses. Problems on Wave equation.

    Introductory Z Transform (ZT): Definition, Std. Properties (without proof), ZT of std. Sequences & Inverse. Solution of simple difference equations.

Section II

Unit IV: Laplace Transform (LT)               (10 hours)

        Definition of LT, Inverse LT, Properties & theorems. LT of standard functions. LT of some special functions viz. error, 1st order Bessel’s Periodic, Unit Step, Unit Impulse and ramp. Problems on finding LT & inverse LT. Applications of LT for solving ordinary differential equations.

Unit V: Vector Calculus                             (8 hours)

        Vector Differenctiation & its physical interpretation. Vector differential operator. Gradient, Divergence & Curl. Directional derivative. Vector identities.

Unit VI: Vector Analysis                         (8 hours)

        Line, Surface & Valume integrals. Conservative, Irrotational & Solenoidal fields. Scalar potential. Gauss’s, Stoke’s & Green’s theorems (without proofs). Applications to problems in Electromagnetic Fields.

Reference Books:

  1.   Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wylie C.R. & Barrett L.C. (McGraw-Hill, Inc)

  2.   Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.S.Grewal (Khanna Publication, Delhi).

  5.   Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2e, by M.D. Greenberg (Pearson Education)

  6.         Engineering Mathematics by B.V. Raman (Tata McGraw-Hill).

            7.            Applied Mathematics (Volumes I and II) by P. N. Wartikar & J. N. Wartikar (Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune).

  8.   Advanced Engineering Mathematics with MATLAB. 2e by Thomas L. Harman, James Dabney and Norman Richert (Brooks/Cole, Thomson Learning).

Text Books:

  1.   Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 5e, by Peter V.oNeil (Thomson Learning).

  2.   Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig (Wiley Eastern Ltd.).

203141:Material Science

Teaching Scheme:                                                 Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 4 Hours/Week                                       Paper : 100 Marks

Practicals : 2 Hours/Week                                      Oral : 50 Marks

Unit I

  (a) Delectric Properties Of Insulating Materials

        Static Field: Dielectric parameter, dielectric constant, dipole moment, polarization, mechanisms of polarizations-electric, ionic and orientational polarization (Descriptive treatment only). Internal field in solids and liquids, Clausius Mossotti equation, Piezoelectric, Pyroelectric and ferroelectric materials. Complex dielectric constant in alternating field, dielectric loss, loss tangent.                     (5 hours)

  (b) Optical Properties of Materials:

    Photoelectric emission, photo conductivity, photo-electric cells, photo-emissive cells, photo-conductive cells, photo-voltaic cells, materials for photo-voltaic cells-power generation.                                          (3 hours)

Unit II Insulating Materials, Their Properties & Application:  Introduction, characteristics of good insulating material, classification, solid insulating materials-paper pressboard, fibrous materials, impregnating coating filling, ceramics, mica, asbestos. Liquid insulating materials, insulating gases like air, electronegative gases, SF6. Modern trends in electrical insulation, Impregnation process, insulating materials for power & distribution transformer, rotating machines, capacitors, cables, line insulators, switchgear, electronic equipment.                                      (8 hours)

Unit III  Dielectric Breakdown:

  Introduction, breakdown voltage, breakdown strength.

 (a) Dielectric breakdown of gases-Growth of current, the electric discharge, breakdown machanism, field intensified ionization by electrons, avalanche mechanism, electron

ionization coefficient, secondary ionization coefficient, Townsend’s criterion for spark breakdown, Paschen’s law and breakdown in uniform and non uniform fields andvacuum.

(b)    Dielectric breakdown of liquids-Colloioal theory, Bubble theory, breakdown due to liquid globules, experimental observations of breakdown in oils.

(c)    Dielectric breakdown of solids-Intrinsic breakdown, thermal breakdown. Discharge breakdown, phenomena of partial discharge, chemical & Electrochemical  forms of

breakdown,Tracking & Treeing. Factors influencing the characteristics of insulating system, effect of moisture on insulating system.                               (8 hours)

Unit IV   Magnetic Materials

  Introduction : Magnetic parameters, permeability, magnetic susceptibility, magnetic moment, magnetization, orbital magnetic dipole moment, angular momentum & Induced dipole moment of a simple model, classification of magnetic materials, diamagnetism, origin of permanent magnetic dipole moment, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, ferromagnetic behavior below critical temperature, spontaneous, magnetization & Curie Weiss law. Ferromagnetic materials at high temperature, magnetic anisotropy, magneto-striction, anti ferromagnatism, ferrites, applications of ferromagnetic materials, magnetic materials for electric devices, soft magnetic materials, hard magnetic materials, electric sheet steel, hot rolled and cold rolled steel, magnetic recording materials, tapes and discs, advanced magnetic materials.                                                                                                                                                                   (8 hours)

Unit V  Conducting Materials:

  General properties of conductor, electrical conducting materials, high conductivity materials- copper, aluminum and its application, concept of SWG, materials of high resistivity, constantan, nickel chromium alloy, tungsten, molybdenum, canthal, characteristics of copper alloys (brass & bronze), materials used for lamp filaments, transmission lines, stranded conductors, electrical carbon materials. Different types of solders, methods of soldering & brazing, metals, and alloys for different types of fuses, fusing current, fuse rating, thermalbimetal, thermocouple materials, super conducting materials, applications of superconductivity.         (8 hours)

Unit VI   Testing Of Materials:

  1.         Measurement of tangent of dielectric loss angle (tano) by Schering bridge-IS 13585-1994

            2.             Measurement of Partial discharge (PD)-IS 13585-1994

(Part I to V), IS 2834-1986.

3.         Measurement of dielectric strength kV/mm of solids-IS 2584

  4.         Measurement of dielectric strength kV/mm of liquids-IS 6798

  5.         Measurement of dielectric strength kV/mm of gases as per IS

  6.         Measurement of physical properties such as sp. Gravity, surface resistance, volume resistance, porosity, defect/m2 of area etc.

  7.   Cable testing to include dielectric p.f. test, HV test, partial discharge.                     (8 hours)

 

Industrial Visits: Minimum one visit will be arranged to an industry manufacturing and testing engineering transformer core etc. and a hand written report will be submitted by every student as part of term work.

Reference Books

  1.   Electrical Engineering Materials by A. J. Dekker, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi-01

  2.   Physics of Dielectric Materials by B. M. Tareev.

  3.   Electrical Radio Engineering Materials by B. M. Tareev.

  4.   Electrical Paper Capacitors-Design & Manufacture by D. M. Tagare, Tata McGraw Hills Publication.

Text Books 

  1.   A Course in Electrical Engineering Materials by S. P. Seth and P. V. Gupta, Dhanpat Rai and Sons,
Nai Sarak, Delhi-06.

  2.   Electrical Engineering Materials by C. S. Indulkar and S. Thiruvengadam, S. Chand & Company Ltd,
Ram Nagar, New Delhi-55

  3.   Electrical Engineering Materials by S. P. Chalotra and B. K. Bhatt, Khanna Publishers, Nath Market,
Nai Sarak, Delhi-06

  4.   Electrical Engineering Materials---T.T.T.I, Madras

  5.   Electrical Engineering Materials by K. B. Raina,
S. K. Bhattacharya, S. K. Kataria & Sons, Nai Sarak, Delhi-06.

List of Experiments:

        At least two experiments are to be designed by the faculty members and can be included in the term work apart from the experiments suggested below.listed below or SIX experiments from the list below and remaining two from the experiments designed & set up by the faculty member.

  1.   To measure electric strength of solid insulation materials as per IS 2584

  2.   To measure electric strength of liquid insulating materials as per IS 6798.

  3.   To measure electric strength of gaseous insulating materials using sphere gap unit.

  4.   To obtain Hysteresis loop of the ferromagnetic material.

  5.   To understand the principle of thermocouple and to obtain characteristics of different thermocouple.

            6.             To measure insulation resistance and KVAR capacity of power capacitor.

  7.   To measure resistivity of high resistive alloys.

  8.   To observe development of tracks due to ageing on different insulating materials e.g. bakelite, Perspex, mica, micanite, fiberglass etc.

  9.   Testing of cables as per IS 6380, 6474.

 

203142: Electrical Machines-I

Teaching Scheme:                                                 Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 4 Hours/Week                                       Paper : 100 Marks

Practicals : 2 Hours/Week                                      Practicals : 50 Marks

Prerequisite :- Revision of concepts of transformers studied under the subject BEE at FE course               (1 hour)

Unit I: Single Phase Transformers

    Constructional details, Arrangements of cores and coils in shell-type and core type transformers. Materials used for magnetic cores, Windings & insulation.

        Concept of leakage flux & their effects. Resistance, leakage reactance & leakage impedance of transformer winding & their effects on the performance of transformer.

        Exact and approximate equivalent circuits referred to either side. General phasor diagrams on no load & on load. Various losses in a transformer, their variation with load. Efficiency, maximum efficiency, transformer ratings. Per unit values of resistance, leakage reactance and impedance.

    Autotransformers & dimmerstats, their ratings & applications, Comparison with two winding transformer w.r.t saving of copper, size & electrical isolation.       (7 hours)

Unit II: Operation of Single phase transformers

        Open circuit & short circuits tests, determination of equivalent circuit parameters from the test data

        Definition of voltage regulation: Determination of voltage regulation and efficiency from equivalent circuit.

        Concept of polarity of transformer windings & standard practice of marking transformer winding terminals as per BIS, Polarity tests.

        Parallel operation of single phase transformers, conditions to be satisfied. Load sharing under variousconditions

    Descriptive treatment of non sinusoidal waveform of the magnetising current of the transformer.         (7 hours)

Unit III

(A)   Three phase Transformers-

    Connecting a bank of three identical single phase transformers for three phase transformation. Construction of shell type & core type three phase transformer.

    Comparison between a bank of three identical single phase transformers & a single three phase transformer.

        Standard connections of three phase transformers & their suitability for particular applications. Their voltage phasor diagrams & phasor groups.                 (2 hours)

(B)   Descriptive treatment of -

        Parallel operation of three phase transformers

        Tree winding transformers- tertiary windings

        Scott connection & V connections

    Amorphous Core & dry type transformers    (3 hours)

(C)   Testing of Transformers

        Concept of routine & type tests.

        Testing of transformers as per BIS (2026)

        Sumpner’s test (Back to Back test)             (2 hours)

 

Unit IV : D.C. Machine

    Construction and operation of DC Machine-

        Main parts, Magnetic system, Poles, yoke, field winding, armature core. Typical flux path, magnetization curve.Armature winding - Simple lap & Wave winding. Commutator & brush assembly.                      (3 hours)

        Separately excited, self excited & permanent magnet DC machines. Generator action & motor action of a DC machine. Emf equation, torque equation, Significance of back emf in motor & magnetic drag in generator. Working at no-load &  on-load, Power flow diagram, losses & efficiency.                                                                                 (5 hours)

Unit V

(A)   DC Generators (Descriptive treatment only)

        Building up of emf in self excited generator & causes of failure to build up, Load characteristics of various types of generators & their applications.                   (2 hour)

(B)   DC MOTORS

    Characteristics & applications of different types of motors. starting of DC motors, study of starters for series & shunt motor, solid state starters. Speed control of various types of DC motors.                                (6 hours)

Unit VI

(A)   Armature  reaction: Armature reaction in DC generators & motors, effect on field form with & without brush lead, effect of saturation, demagetising & cross magnetising m.m.f. & their estimation. Remedies to overcome armature reaction.                                (3 hours) (B)   Commutation

        Process of commutation, time of commutation, reactance voltage Straight line commutation, commutation with variable current density under & over commutation. Causes of bad commutation & remedies, interpoles, compensating winding.                             (3 hours)

(C)   Testing

    Swinburn’s Test & Brake test on dc shunt motor, Regenerative test on DC series & shunt machines (Hopkinson’s test & Field test)

        Testing of DC machines as per BIS (9320) (2 hours)

Reference Books

  1.         Performance & Design of Direct Current Machines by A. E. Clayton and N. N. Hancock CBS Publishers third edition

  2.   Electrical Machines by A.E. Fitzgerald, Charles Kingsley, Stephen D.Umans (Tata McGraw Hill Publication Ltd) Fifth Edition

  3.   Theory and Performance of DC Machines by
A. S. Langsdorf (Tata McGraw Hill)

  4.   Theory and Performance of A.C. Machines by
A. S. Langsdorf (Tata McGraw Hill)

  5.         Performance and Design of A.C. Machines by
M. G. Say (C B S Publishers & Distributors)

Text Books :

  1.   Electrical Technology by Eadward Hughes ELBS, Pearson Education.

  2.   Electrical Machines by Ashfaq Husain

  3.   Electrical Machines by S. K. Bhattacharya, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Co. Ltd

  4.   Electrical Machines by Nagrath & Kothari,
Tata McGraw Hill

  5.   Electrical Machinery by Bhag S. Guru, Husain R. Hiziroglu, Oxford University Press.

List of Experiments :

Note : At least 4 experiments on transformer &
4 experiments on D.C. machine should be performed,

in addition to the industrial visit.

  1.   OC-SC test on single phase transformer

  2.   Polarity test on single phase and three phase transformer

  3.   Sumpner’s test on two identical single phase transformers

  4.   Parallel operation of two single phase transformers and study of their load sharing under various conditions of voltage ratios & leakage impedance.       

  5.   Study of  standard connections for three phase transformers, line to line voltage ratios and phasor groups

  6.         Magnetization Curve & load Characteristics of
D.C. Shunt generator

  7.         Magnetization Curve & load Characteristics of  D.C. Series generator

  8.   Speed control of D.C. shunt motor & study of starter

  9.         Swinburn’s test

10.    Brake test on D.C. Shunt motor

11.         Hopkinson’s test

12.    Load characteristics of D.C. series motor

13.    Industrial visit to transformer or D.C. machine manufacturing/repairing industry and a report on the visit

203143: Electrical Measurements

Teaching Scheme:                                                       Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 4 Hours/Week                                          Paper : 100 Marks

Practicals : 2 Hours/Week                                         Practicals : 50 Marks

 

Unit I

 (a)   General

Units: Fundamental, derived, absolute, Dimensions:n dimensional analysis of SI System only. Standards & their classification Absolute measurement of current & resistance. Static & Dynamic characteristics measuring system: Accuracy, linearity, speed of response, dead zone, resolution, span, reproducibility drift etc. calibration, calibration methodology.                        (5 hours)

  (b) Error

Introduction, types of errors-Gross, Systematic, Random, limiting error. Methods to reduce the errors. Statistical analysis: Arithmetic mean, median, average deviation, standard Deviation, probable error, Gaussion distribution.                                                               (3 hours)

Unit: II

(a)         Measurement of Resistance:

Classification of resistance, Measurement of low, medium & high resistance by Kelvin’s double bridge, voltmeter ammeter method, Whetstone Bridge, Substitution method, direct deflection method, loss of  charge method, Mega ohm bridge, difficulty in measurement   of high resistance, ohm meter (Shunt & series). Megger, Earth tester for earth resistance measurement, Measurement on insulation resistance when power is ON.                                   (7 hours)

(b)    Megnetic Measurement:

Method of measuring iron losses, separation of iron losses, testing of rod & bar specimen, permeammeter, fluxmeter. Effect of voltage, frequency & form factor on iron losses.                                                                                                                                         (3 hours)

Unit: III

    (a) A. C. Bridges:

     Introduction, sources & detectors for a. c. bridge, general equation for bridge at balance.

i) Measurement of self inductance: Maxwell’s bridge, maxwell’s inductance & capacitance  bridge, Anderson’s bridge ii) Measurement of mutual inductance, Campbell’s bridge

iii) Measurement of capacitance : Shearing bridge.                                                     (4 hours)

   (b) Special purpose measuring instrument

Construction & working of power factor meter, frequency meter, Synchroscopes, Trivector meter, maximum demand indicator, TOD meter, Power analyzer.          (4 hours)

 

Unit: IV  Measuring Instrument Theory

        Absolute & secondary instruments, types of secondary instruments: indicating, recording & integrating. Essentials of indicating instruments: deflecting, controlling & damping systems (in details)                                (2 hours)

Galvanometer

    Construction, working principle of D’Arsonval galvanometer with elementary mathematical analysis (torque equation in terms of ckt constants & equation of motion)

     Voltmeter & Ammeter theory

    Construction, working, principle of operation, torque equation, errors, Advantages, disadvantage of MI (attraction & Repulsion), PMMC Instrument.

        Multirange ammeter & voltmeter by shunt, multiplier, universal Shunt, universal multiplier etc.          (4 hours)

Unit: V  Wattmeter theory

    Electrodynamics & induction type wattmeter: Construction, Working, Torque equation, errors & their compensations, low power factor wattmeter, Polyphase wattmeter                                           (3 hours)

        Power measurement in three phase system

        Type of three phase load: Star & delta system: Three-phase 3 wire & three-phase 4 wire system, balanced load & unbalanced load. Three wattmeter method, two wattmeter method, modification of two wattmeter method by using single wattmeter, measurement of reactive volt-ampere, determination of power factor of load and it’s nature in terms of two wattmeter reading                   (5 hours)

Unit: VI

     Energy Meter Theory:

    Construction, Principle of operation, torque equation of single phase & three phase conventional (induction type) energy meter. Errors & adjustments, phantom loading arrangement for calibration. Block diagram of electronic energy meter, TOD meter, CT & PT operated energy meter                                       

                                                (3 hours)

     Instrument Transformers:

    Construction, connection of CT & PT in the circuit, advantages of CT/PT over shunt & multipliers to measurehigh currents and voltages, Transformation ratio, nominal ratio, turns ratio, burden.

        Errors in CT & PT: Ratio error & phase angle error, factors affecting errors & their compensation, clamp on ammeter, precaution in using instrument transformer, BIS standards for testing CT & PT.                    (5 hours)

Reference Book

  1.   Electrical measurement & Measuring Instrument by E. W. Golding & Widing, Fifth Edition, A. H. Wheeler & Co. Ltd.

Text Book :

  1.   A Course in Electrical & Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation by A. K. Sawhaney, Dhanpat Rai & Sons.

  2.   A Course in Electronic & Electrical Measurements by J. B. Gupta, S. K. Kataria & Sons

  3.         Fundamentals of Electrical Measurements by C. T. Bladwin, Second Edition, Lyall Book Depot.

List of Experiments:

  1.         Measurement of power in three phase, 4 wire system

      using three CT’s & Two wattmeter’s

  2.         Measurement of phase angle error & ratio error of CT/PT

  3.   Range extension of ammeter, voltmeter & wattmeter using CT/PT

  4.   Calibration of single phase static (electronic) energy meter at different power factor OR 

  5.   Calibration of three phase static (electronic) energy meter at different power factor

  6.         Measurement of power in three phase circuit using two wattmeter’s (Balanced & unbalanced load condition)

  7.         Measurement of reactive power in three phase circuit using one wattmeter

  8.         Measurement of low resistance by Kelvin’s double bridge.

  9.         Measurement of resistance, inductance of a coil by Anderson’s bridge.

10.         Measurement of capacitance & tan delta of capacitor by Shearing bridge.

11.    Earth resistance measurement by “Earth Tester”

12.    Industrial visit to the electrical instrument manufacturing company OR where electrical instrument are calibrated OR where various electrical measuring instrument can be seen or observed.

Note : The term work should consist of compulsory one industrial visit report and any eight experiments from one to eleven of the above list. 

  

211121: Workshop Technology 

 

Teaching Scheme:                                                    Examination Scheme:

Lectures: 2 Hours/Week                                              Term Work: 50 Marks

TERM WORK

Note: Following termwork should be covered by giving demonostration in workshop on different machine tools and metrology laboratory during practical periods.

 

Following topics should be covered during demonostrations:

1. Study and working of machine tools - Lathe, milling and drilling etc.

2. Study of casting process.

3. study of welding and joining  processes.

4. Study of metrology and measurements.

 

Term work consisting of job on following processes:

1. Plain and taper turning                             : 1 job

2. Welding / Soldering                              : 1 job

3. Sheet metal working                             : 1 job

4. Demostration and assignments on machine tools based on above topics                                          : 3 nos.

5. Experiments on Metrology

i) Linear use of micrometer/ vernier/ dial gauge,

ii) Angular use of sine bar and slip gauges.

iii) Surface roughness measurement.

 

List of Books:

1. Manufacturing Technology Vol I & II by P.N.Rao., TMG.

2. Workshop Technology by Hazara Choudhary, VolI & II

3. Engineering Metrology by R.K.Jain.


                                                                                SEMESTER II

                                                                        203144: Power Systems-I

Teaching Scheme:                                                  Examination Scheme:

Lectures: 4 Hours/Week                                        Paper: 100 Marks

Prerequisites : A Course in Power Plant Engineering

GENERATION

Unit I

        Load curve, load duration curve, different factors connected with generating stations such as load factor, demand factor, diversity factor, plant capacity factor, annual plant use factor. Concept of base load and peak load stations and interconnected operation. Fitting of available stations into the area load duration curve. Estimation of no. of units. Economic generation, scheduling of different types of station combinations, economic load sharing of units in power stations and interconnections, incremental fuel cost, penalty factor, Bmn loss coefficients.                          (8 hours)

Unit II

  (a)         Underground Cable:

          Classification, construction of cable, XLPE cables. Requirements of insulating materials, insulation resistance, capacitance, dielectric strees in single core/multi core/sheathed/armored cables.

  (b) Grading Cables:

          Capacitance grading and inter sheath grading. Causes of failure of underground cables, cable faults and location of faults.                            (8 hours)

Unit III

(a)    Major Electrical Equipment in power Stations:

          Descriptive treatment of ratings, special features, field of use of equipments like alternators, Transformers, bus-bars exciters and excitation systems, voltage regulators, switches and isolators, reactors, carrier current equipments (P.L.C.C.) control panels, metering and other control room equipments in generating stations.                                       (4 hours)

  (b)         Overhead line insulators: Material of insulators, types of insulators, pin type, suspension type, strain type insulators, voltage distribution along string of suspension insulators, string efficiency, equalization of potential across each unit.                                               (4 hours)

                      TRANSMISSION

Unit IV   Constants of Transmission Line.

        Resistance of line, skin effect and its effects, proximity effect, inductance of single phase two wire line, flux linkage of one conductor of one group, inductance of composite conductor line, concept of G.M.R. and G.M.D., Inductance of three phase line with equilateral spacing, inductance of parallel circuit three phase line, three phase line with equilateral spacing, unsymmetrical spacing, double circuit three phase line. Capacitance of single phase and three phase transmission lines with above configurations with and without effect of earth’s surface on the electric field, calculation of inductance & capacitance to be done with and without transposition.                             (8 hours)

Unit V

        Circuit Representation of Lines and Generalized Circuit Constants:

    Classification of lines based on length as short, medium and long lines. Representation of lines as ‘Pi’ and ‘Tee’ circuits using R, L, and C parameters voltage and current relations for short and medium lines only. Representation of ‘Tee’ and ‘Pi’ Models of lines as two port networks, evaluation and estimation of ABCD constants for both the models and in series and parallel combination of the models for short and medium lines.                        (8 hours)

Unit VI

  (a)         Construction of receiving end, sending end and universal circle diagrams and their use for estimation of performance characteristics of short and medium lines.                                                                                                                 (4 hours)

  (b)         Mechanical Design of Overhead Lines :

        Types of conductors, line supports, spacing between the conductors, length of span, calculation of sag, equal and unequal supports, effect of ice and wind loadings.                                                                      (4 hours)

Industrial Visits: Minimum one visit to a power plant and

HV/EHV substation is recommended. The subject teacher

will ensure that a hand written report of such visits is submitted

by each student.

Reference Books

  1.   Elements of Power Station Design by M. V. Deshpande, Wheeler Publishing.

2.     Modern Power System Analysis by I. J. Nagrath &
D. P. Kothari, Tata McGraw Hill Publications

  3.   Generation and Economic Considerations by
J. B. Gupta, S. K. Kataria & Sons, New Delhi.

  4.   Power System Engineering by Nagrath & Kothari,
Tata McGraw Hill Publications.

Text Books

  1.   A text Book on Power System Engineering by
A. Chakraborty, M. L. Soni, P. V. Gupta, U. S. Bhatnagar, Dhanpat Rai & Co., Delhi.

  2.   Power System Analysis & Design by B. R. Gupta, 4th Reprint, S. Chand Publishing Co.

  3.   Power System Analysis by W. D. Stevenson,
Tata McGraw Hill Publications.

  4.         Transmission and Distribution by J. B. Gupta S. K. Kataria & Sons, New Delhi.

  5.   Electric Power Generation, Transmission & Distribution by S. N. Singh, Prentice Hall of India.

 

  

203145:  ANALOG AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS

Teaching Scheme:                                               Examination Scheme:

Lectures: 4 Hours/Week                                             Paper: 100 Marks

Practicals: 2 Hours/Week                                      Term Work: 25 Marks

                                                                         Practical: 50 Marks

Unit I   Introduction:

        BJT amplifier with reference to operational analysis of CE and CC configuration, FET amplifier, Multistage amplifier, differential amplifier. Operational amplifier - basic configuration, differential, inverting, noninverting, summer and subtractor. Op-amp parameters (concept only) CMRR, slew rate, frequency response and gain limitations.  (8 hours)

Unit II  Op-amp applications:

        Integrator, differentiator, Comparator, Schmitt trigger, instrumentation amplifier, precision rectifiers, zero crossing detectors.

        Waveform generation using Op-amp-sine, square, saw tooth and triangular, IC 555-modes of operation-astable, monostable, clock generation.                      (8 hours)

Unit III

        Feedback type of series voltage regulators, protection circuits, fixed and variable voltage regulators using ICs Viz. 78xx, 79xx, LM 723, LM 317 study of VCO & PLL. ADC-SAR, dual slope type    DAC-binary weighted ladder type         (10 hours)

Unit IV

        Flip flops-RS latches, D latches, Edge triggered D flipflops, Edge triggred JK flip flops, JK Master-slave flip flop, Opto coupler, opto isolators, opto decoders, opto encoders                                              (8 hours)

Unit V   Registers and Counters:

        Buffer registers, shift registers, controlled shift registers, ripple counters, synchronous counter, twisted ring counters, N-module counters, Down counters, Up-Down counters, Three stage registers.                          (7 hours)

Unit VI

        Decoders, encoders, multiplexer, demultiplexer, Display: 7 segment LED, LCD display and their driving interfacing circuit.

        Memories: RAM, ROM, PROMS and EPROMS detailing                                       (7 hours)

 

Text Books

  1.         Fundamentals of Logic design by Charles H. Roth,
Jr. Forth Edition, A Jaico Book.

  2.   Digital Computer Electronics-An Introduction to Microcomputers by Malvino, Tata McGraw Hill

  3.         Electronics Devices & Circuits by Mottershed, PHI New Delhi

  4.   Digital Electronics by R. P. Jain, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

Refereces Books

  1.         Operational Amplifier by Gaikwad R. PHI New Delhi

  2.   Integrated Circuits by K. R. Botkar, Khanna Publication, New Delhi.

  3.        Operational Amplifier and Linear integrated Circuits Theory and Application by James M. Flore, A Jaico Books

Lab Experiments

        Minimum 12 experiments to be conducted.

  1.   Op-amp in inverting, non-inverting mode. As summer, subtractor.

  2.   Op-amp as square and sine wave generator.

  3.   Op-amp as ZCD, Comparator and Schmitt trigger.

  4.         Instrumentation amplifier using 3-op amp CMRR measurement.

  5.   IC555 applications-astable, monostable, square wave generator, sequence counter.

  6.   PLL IC565/4046 application. Calculation of lock range and capture range.

  7.   Study and verify shift register operation (IC 7495) and application of 7495 as pseudo random no. generation.

  8.   Study of IC 723 as low/high voltage regulator.

  9.   Study of JK flip flop and its use as counter, ring counter and twisted ring counter (IC 7476).

10.    A to D and D to A converter using ADC 0808, and DAC 0808.

11.    IC-7805 used as fixed voltage regulator, Multiplexer and Demultiplexer -IC74151 and IC74155.

12.    IC-7805 used as fixed voltage regulator, elevated voltage and current, constant current source.

13.    Study of up-down counters (IC 74192/74193) and
N-modulo counter (IC 7490/7493).

  

203146:  Network Analysis

Teaching Scheme:                                                 Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 4 Hours/Week                                       Paper : 100 Marks

Practicals : 2 Hours/Week                                      Oral : 50 Marks

 

Unit I

Basic Concepts

        Field and circuit representation of Resistance, inductance, and capacitance. Mathematical models of active and passive circuit elements.

    Independent and dependent (controlled) voltage and current sources. Source transformation and shifting.

Classification of Electrical Elements:

        Lumped and distributed, linear and nonlinear, Bilateral and unilateral, Time variant and time invariant, space variant and space invariant.

Network Equations:

        Network Equations on Loop basis and Node basis. Choice between loop analysis and node analysis. Concept of super node and super mesh. Concept of voltage and current divider. Mutual inductace, dot convention for coupled circuits, Concept of duality and dual networks.  (8 hours)

Unit II   Solution of Network Equations

        Classical Method: Classical solution of first and second order differential equations for series and parallel R-L, R-C, R-L-C circuits. Complimentary function and particular integral. Steady state and transient solution, forced and free response.

        Time constants, Physical and mathematical analysis of circuit transients.Initial and final conditions in elements and in networks.                                            (8 hours)

Unit III  Laplace Transform method for solution of Electrical Network Equations

        Solutions of differential equations and network equations using Laplace transform method. Inverse Laplace transform. Transformed networks with initial conditions.

        Analysis of electrical circuits with applications of step, pulse, impulse & ramp functions. Shifted & singular functions. The convolution integral. Laplace transform, various periodic and non periodic waveforms.   (8 hours)

Unit IV  Network Theorems

    Superposition, Thevenin, Norton, Reciprocity, Substitution, Maximum power transfer, compensation, Milimans & Tellegen’s theorems applied to electrical networks with all the type of sources.                   (8 hours)

Unit V   Two Port networks and Resonance

        Z, Y and transmission Parameters, Inter-relations between parameters. Definition of h parameters.

        Resonane in A. C. Circuits

    Resonance in R-L-C series and parallel circuits. Bandwidth and Q factor. Introduction to passive filters.
                                                (8 hours)  

Unit VI   Fourier Analysis and Fourier Transform

        The Fourier series, Evaluation of Fourier coefficients, symmetry considerations, exponential form of Fourier series, steady state response to periodic signals. Introduction to Fourier transform, definition and properties of the Fourier transform.                                             (8 hours)

 

List of Practicals:

        Any four experiments from First five of the following and any four experiments from rest of the list. (minimum four experiments should be based on simulation software PSPICE/MATLAB along with hardware verification)

  1.         Verification of Superposition theorem in A.C. circuits.

  2.         Verification of Thevinin’s theorem in A.C. circuits.

  3.         Verification of reciprocity theorem in A.C. circuits.

  4.         Verification of Maximum power transfer theorem.

  5.         Verification of Millman’s therorem

  6.         Determination of time response of R-C circuit to a step d.c. voltage input. (Charging and discharging of a capacitor through a resistor)

  7.         Determination of time response of R-L circuit to a step d.c. voltage input. (Rise and decay of current in an inductive circuit)

  8.         Determination of time response of R-L-C series circuit to a step d.c. voltage input.

  9.         Determination of parameter of two port network.

10.    Harmonic analysis of no load current of a transformer.

11.         Determination of resonance, bandwidth and Q factor of R-L-C series circuit.

12.         Determination of resonance of R-L-C Parallel circuit.

Reference Books

  1.   Network Analysis by Cramer McGraw Hill Publication.

  2.         “Engineering Circuit Analysis” by William H. Hayt, Jr. Jack E. Kemmerly, McGraw Hill.

  3.         “Introduction to circuit Analysis” by Bolylestad Robert L.

  4.   Circuit Analysis by John R. O. ‘Malley’, Prentice Hll. Inc Eaglewood Cliff N. J.

  5.   Linear Circuit Analysis by DeCarlo, Lin, Oxford Press.

Text Book

  1.   “Network Analysis” by M. E. Van Valkenburg. Third Edition, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited.

  2.   Network Theory by N. C. Jagan, C. Lakshminarayana, Second Edition, BSP Publication.

  3.   Network Analysis & Synthesis - G. K. Mittal, Khanna Publication.

  4.         Introduction to Electric Circuits by Richard C. Dirof, James A. Svoboda, Sixth Edition, Wiley.

 

203147:DIGITAL COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES

Teaching Scheme:                                                 Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 4 Hours/Week                                       Paper : 100 Marks

Unit I   Introduction:

        Basic principle of numerical methods and necessity of computers for high speed calculations. Representation of numbers and number systems, positional number system 1’s & 2’s compliment. Floating point algebra with normalized floating point technique.

  Errors: Different types of errors, causes of occurrence and remedies to minimize them.

  Significant digits and numerical instability in computations.

  Concept of roots of an equation and methods to find the same. Descarte’s rule of signs strum’s theorem. (5 hours)

Unit II   Solution of Transcendental equations/Polynomial equations:

        Bisection, Regula-false, secant, Newton Raphson, Chebyshev, synthetic division, Birge-vieta, Lin-Bairstow methods. Newton-Raphson method for two variables and complex variable and complex roots. Graffe’s root squaring method.                                             (11 hours)

Unit III  Solution of linear algebraic simultaneous equations:

  Direct methods:Gauss elimination, Gauss-Jordan and Jacobl method.

  Iterative methods:Gauss seidal, accelerated Gauss seidal (relaxation).

  Matrix Inversion:Newton Raphson method, Modification of Gauss method to compute the inverse of matrix. (8 hours)

Unit IV

Interpolation:

Introduction to interpolation and calculus of finite differences. Newton’s forward, backward and divided difference. Lagrange’s interpolation.

Central difference methods:

Stirling, Bessel’s interpolation.                             (8 Hours)

Unit V

 Numerical Differentiation :

 Lagrangian and Newton Gregory polynomials.

Numerical Integration :

Trapezoidal, Simpson’s rule as a special case of Newton-cotes quadrature techniques.

Approximations

 Least square approximation, Rational approximation.                                                                                      (8 Hours)

Unit VI

Solution of ordinary differential equations:

Numerical methods:

Euler’s, modified Euler’s,mid point method

Single step methods:

 Taylor’s series method. Runge-Kutta second and fourth order technique.

Predictor Corrector methods:

Milne-Simpson, Adam-Bashford.                                                                                                                               (8 Hours)

Reference Books:

1.            Numerical Mathematical Analysis : J. B. Scarborough

2.            Numerical Methods with programs in C and C++ : T.Veerarajan and T. Ramchandran publisher Tata Mc Graw Hill.

3.            Numerical Methods – E. Balgurusamy , publisher Tata Mc Graw Hill.

Text Books:

1.            Numerical methods for scientific & engineering computation: M. K. Jain / Iyangar S.R. K. Wiley Eastern Limited

2.            Introductory Methods of numerical analysis : S. S. Sastry

3.            Calculus of finite difference & numerical Analysis : Gupta / Malik

4.            Numerical Methods for Engineers by Steven Chapra, Raymond P. Canale, Tata McGraw Hill Publication

 

              203148: Computer Programming

Teaching Scheme:                                                 Examination Scheme:

Lectures : 2 Hours/Week                                            Termwork : 25 Marks

Practicals : 2 Hours/Week                                          Practical  : 50 Marks

        Revision: Basics of ‘C’ language ‘for’, ‘while’ and ‘do while’ statements ‘switch’ statement ‘goto’, ‘break’ and ‘continue’.                                          (8 hours)

Unit I   Arrays

Introduction, one and two dimensional arrays.

Features of C Preprocessor, Macro expansion directives, File inclusion directives and compiler control directives. (4 hours)

Unit II   Functions

Function declaration and prototypes. Types of functions call by value, call by reference.                    (4 hours)

Unit III     Pointers   Introduction, Declaring and initializing pointers, pointer expressions, pointer and arrays, pointers and functions.                                         (4 hours)

Lab Practice :  Term work shall consist of minimum eight computer programs with flow charts and listing with results based on DCT syllabus in “C”/“C++” language.

  1.   Minimum 1 program based on following methods of finding solution of Transdental/polynomial equation

        i)         Bisection Method

        ii)         Secant Method

        iii)         Regula Falsi Method

  2.   Minimum 1 program based on following methods of finding solution of Transdental/polynomial equation

  i)    Birge Vieta Method

        ii)     Lin Bairstaw Method

        iii)         Graffe’s Root Squaring Method

  3.   Minimum 1 program based on following solution of finding simultaneous equation

        i)         Gauss Elimination Method

        ii)         Gauss Seidal Method/Jacobi Method

        iii)         Matrix inversion using Gauss jordan

        iv)        Newton Rapson Method for two variables

  4.   Minimum 1 program based on following interpolation methods

        i)         Newton’s forward difference

        ii)         Newton’s backward difference

        iii)         Newton’s divided difference

  5.   Minimum 1 program based on following interpolation methods

        i)         Lagrange’s interpolation method

        ii)         Bessel’s or stirling’s method using central difference

        iii)         Least square approximation method

  6.   Minimum 1 program based on following integration methods

        i)         Trapezoidal rule

        ii)         Simpson’s 1/3rd rule

        iii)         Simpson’s 3/8th rule

  7.   Minimum 1 program based on following methods for solution of ordinary differential equation.

        i)         Modified Euler Method

        ii)         Runge Kutta method (4th order)

  8.   Minimum 1 program based on following Predictor-Coorector method for solution of ordinary differential equation.

        i)         Milne Simpson’s Method

        ii)         Adam Bashford Method


203149: INSTRUMENTATION

Teaching Scheme:                   Examination Scheme:

Lectures: 4 Hours/Week             Paper: 100 Marks

Practicals: 2 Hours/Week            Term Work: 50 Marks

Unit I

  (a)         Instrumentation Theory:

          Introduction, Definition of instrumentation, Purpose of instrumentation, Measurement, Definition & types, generalized measurement scheme, classification of Instrument: null/deflection type, manually/automatic type, analog/digital type, self generating/power type, contact/non contact type etc.                  (4 hours)

  (b)         Introduction to Process Control:

          Introduction, definition of process control elements of process control with block diagram, types of control strategies: open loop/close loop control, feedback/feed forward, control system. Time response of first order/second order process.

        Process characteristics: process equation, process load, process lag, control lag, self-regulaiton.     (4 hours)

Unit: 2

  (a)         Oscilloscope

          Introduction, various parts, front penel controls, block diagram of dual trace and dual beam C.R.O., Standard specification of CRO, various types of probes and attenuators for CRO, alternate and chop mode of dual trace CRO. Use of CRO for measurement of voltage current, period, frequency, inductance, capacitance, phase & frequency measurement by Lissajous fig etc. Testing of diode, transistor by C.R.O., applications of oscilloscope, operating precaution of oscilloscope. Introduction to digital storage and VHF sampling CRO.                                                       
                                           (6 hours)

  (b)         Transducers

          Introduction, classification, basic requirements, selection criteria, Inductive, resistive and capacitive transducers, advantages of electrical transducers.

                                                 (2 hours)

Unit: 3

  (a)         Temperature Measurement

          Introduction, various temperature scales, Non electrical methods: Bimetallic, Thermometer, Liquid in glass Thermometer, Pressure thermometer

        Electrical Methods

        1)         Resistance Thermometers (RTD)

                Construction various material used in RTD in bridge circuit with compensation arrangements, operating temp range.

        2)         Thermistor: Positive and negative temperature coefficient, thermistor types, material used, operating temp range, advantages/disadvantage mathematical expression, resistance of thermistor at any temp.

        3)         Thermocouple: Construction, material used, Seeback effect, Peltier effect, Thomson effect, advantages/disadvantages over RTD & Thermistor, Thermocouple laws: Law of Intermediate temp and law of Intermediate Metals. Thermocouple protection. Thermopile

        4)         Radiation Methods (Pyrometer)

                Introduction, total radiation Pyrometer, selectiveradiation pyrometer                     (5 hours)

  (b) Pressure Measurement:

          Introduction, definition, various units of measurement, classification of pressure as

        1)     Low, medium & high pressure

        2)         Absolute, gauge & vacuum pressure

        3)         Static, dynamic & head pressure

        Methods to measure pressure :

          Manometers, elastic transducers (Bourdon tube, diaphragm, bellows, capsule etc.), high pressure measurement using electric methods, low pressure measurement by McLeod gauge and Pirani gauge, capacitive pressure transducer                (3 hours)

  (c) Level measurement

          Importance of level measurement, Level measuring methods: Mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, nucleonic, ultrasonic etc.                      (2 hours)

Unit: 4

  (a) Flow Measurement

          Introduction, definition, Type of flow, flow measurement methods/meters:

        Nozzle, orifice, Venturimeter, Pitot tube, Rotameter, electromagnetic flow meter, ultrasonic flow meter, Hot wire meter.                                      (3 hours)

 (b) Displacement Measurement

  1.   LVDT : Construction, working, application, null voltage, LVDT specification advantages/disadvantages, effect of frequency on performance of LVDT, Introduction to RVDT.

  2.   Strain Gauge

          Introduction, definition of strain, types of strain gauge: Wire strain gauge, foil strain gauge, semiconductor, strain gauge etc, their construction, working, avantage & disadvantages, derivation of gauge factor, desirable characteristics of grid, support and binding material, effect of temp on strain gauge. Construction, working and application of load cell.                 (5 hours)

Unit: 5

  (a)         Recorders

          Introduction: Necessity of recorders, various parts of recorders, various parts of recorders, classification of recorders.

      Types: strip chart, circular chart, Potentiometer type, X-Y recorder, ultraviolet recorder, magnetic recorder                            (3 hours)

  (b) Final Control elements

          Introduction, block diagram, final control operation.

        (1)         Actuators: Introduction, types: Electric, Pneumatic & Hydraulic

        (2)         Control Valve: Introduction

                Definition: Valve coefficient, Range ability turn down; Valve characteristic: quick opening, Linear, equal percentage, Type of Valve: Pneumatic valve, solenoid valve, sliding steam control valve, Selection of a control valve                                      (5 hours)

 

Unit: 6    Industrial automation

  (a) PLC

          Introduction to industrial automation Introduction to PLC, types of PLC (Fixed & modular), block diagram various brands available in market. I/P, O/P devices, technical specification concept of MMI/HMI, programming statement list, ladder diagram, programming, applications.                   (4 hours)

  (b) SCADA System

          Introduction: Generalized block diagram, Its main tasks, meaning of control and supervision, variousconfiguraiton of SCADA system. Various parts/elements of SCADA system, supervisory master units, supervisory remote unit, communications for SCADA system, SCADA system reliability factor, SCADA system applications.                                                                                     (4 hours)

References Books

1.     Process Control Instrumentation Technology by
C. D. Johnson, Prentice Hall

  2.   Power System Operation by Miller, Malinowski,
Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

  3.   Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation ByDr. Rajendra Prasad, Khanna Publisher, New Delhi.

Text Books

  1.         Instrumentation: Measurement and Analysis by Nakra & Chaudhary Sixth Reprint, Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi.

  2.         Mechanical and Industrial Measurements by R. K. Jain, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.

  3.   Electronic Instrumentation by Kalsi, Tata McGraw Hill, New Dellhi,

          Experiments

  1.   C.R.O.

        (a)         Study of CRO

        (b)    Use of CRO for measurement of current voltage,             frequency, phase angle etc.

  2.         Determination of characteristics of (a) Thermister
(b) Thermocouple (c) RTD

  3.         Determination of characteristics various pressure transducers.

        OR

        Calibration of various pressure meters Bourdon tube/bellow/diaphragm etc.

  4.   Electrical methods for measurement of liquid level.

  5.   Strain measurement by using strain gauge.

  6.         Displacement measurement by LVDT.

  7.         Determination of characteristics of load cell.

  8.   Non-contact type speed measurement.

  9.   Study of various recorders.

10.        Study of PLC based process control application (Control of temp, pressure/flow/level etc)

11.    For one application: Ladder diagram programming using PLC simulator software.

12.    A report on ‘Industrial Visit to process control industry’

Note : The term work shall consist of eight experiments in         addition to industrial visit. From the given list of experiments, experiment No. 10 and 11 are compulsory.             Guidelines for setting Question Paper at S. E. Revised Syllabus (All Branches) to be effected from Academic year 2004-2005.

  1.   The syllabus for all subjects in this new curriculum is unitized into six units. Equal weight age shall be given to all units with respect to number of questions and marks allotted as below:

2.     Each paper shall consist of two sections-Section I and Section II

        Units I through III shall be under section I and

      Units IV through VI shall be under Section II.

  3.   Every unit will carry two questions with internal choice/option offered as below:

Section I

Q.1   OR   Q 2.   Unit I                     Marks : 16

Q.3    OR   Q 4.        Unit II                Marks : 16

Q.5    OR   Q 6.        Unit III               Marks : 18

                       

                         Section II

Q.7    OR   Q 8.   Unit IV   Marks : 16

Q.9    OR   Q 10.    Unit V   Marks : 16

Q.11          OR   Q 12.       Unit VI    Marks : 18